02 Pages : 8-19
References
- Ali, A., & Rahman, S. I. (2019). Media Bias Effects on Voters in Pakistan. Global Regional Review 4(4), 557- 67.
- Baum, M. A., & Gussin, P. (2005). Issue Bias: How Issue Coverage and Media Bias Affect. University of California, 42.
- Bernhardt, D., Krasa, S., & Polborn, M. K. (2006). Political Polarization and the Electoral Effects of Media Bias. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.892475.
- Bilal, H. A., Rafaqat, U., Hassan, N., Mansoor, H., & Zahra, Q. (2012). Editorials of Pakistani English Print Media: Application of CDA. International Journal of Linguistics 4(3), 744- 54.
- Brandenburg, H. (2005). Political Bias in the Irish Media: A Quantitative Study of Campaign Coverage during the 2002 General Election. Irish Political Studies, 20(3), 297- 322. https://doi.org/10.1080/07907180500359 350.
- Chandrappa, D. K. (2014). The Influence of the Media in Politics - Campaigns and Elections. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 3(12), 2310-2312.
- Check, J. & Schutt, R. K. (2012). Research Methods in Education. Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
- Chiang, C. F., & Knight, B. (2011). Media Bias and Influence: Evidence from Newspaper Endorsements. The Review of Economic Studies, 78(3), 795-820. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdq037
- Craig, G. (2004). The Media, Politics and Public Life. Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen and Unwin.
- D'Alessio, D., & Allen, M. (2000). Media Bias in Presidential Elections: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Communication, 50(4), 133- 156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460- 2466.2000.tb02866.x.
- DellaVigna, S., & Kaplan, E. (2008). The Political Impact of Media Bias. Information and Public Choice, pp. 79-
- Dobrzynska, A. (2003). Do the Media Have a Direct Impact on the Vote? The Case of the 1997 Canadian Election. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 15(1), 27-43. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/15.1.27.
- Druckman, J. N. ( 2005). Media Matter: How Newspapers and Television News Cover Campaigns andInfluence Voters. Political Communication 22(4), 463-81.
- Druckman, J. N., & Parkin, M. (2005). The Impact of Media Bias: How Editorial Slant Affects Voters. The Journal of Politics, 67(4), 1030-1049. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468- 2508.2005.00349.x.
- Gerber, A. S., Karlan, D., & Bergan, D. (2009). Does the Media Matter? A Field Experiment Measuring the Effect of Newspapers on Voting Behavior and Political Opinions. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 1(2), 35-52. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.1.2.350 .
- Gurevitch, M., Coleman, S., & Blumler, J. G. (2009). Political Communication - Old and New Media Relationships. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 625(1), 164-181. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162093393 45.
- Jan, M., Raza, M. R., Siddiq, M., & Saleem, N. (2013). Print Media on Coverage of Political Parties in Pakistan: Treatment of Opinion Pages of the 'DAWN' AND 'NEWS'. Gomal University Journal of Research,
- Javaid, U., & Elahi, U. (2014). Patterns of Political Perceptions, Attitudes and Voting Behaviour: Influence of Media. South Asian Studies, 29(2), 363-378.
- Kaya, B. & Degirmenci, N. (2019). Politics, Media and Power: Relationships within the Frameworks of Political Memory. Styles of Communication,10(2), 9-27.
- Kuyper, J. A. (2002). Press Bias and Politics: How media frame controversial issues. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
- Lengauer, G., & Johann, D. (2013). Candidate and party bias in the news and its effects on party choice: Evidence from Austria. Studies in Communication Sciences, 13(1), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scoms.2013.04.0 11.
- Maras, S. (2012). Objectivity in Journalism. Polity Press.
- McCombs, M. (2005). A Look at Agenda-setting: past, present and future. Journalism Studies, 6(4), 543-557. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700500250 438.
- Mezzera, M., & Sial, S. (2010). Media and Governance in Pakistan: A Controversial Yet Essential Relationship.
- Qadeer, A., Shehzad, W., Chishti, M. I. (2017). Print Media Practices in the Representation of Political Discourse in Pakistan. Journal of Critical Inquiry. 15(II), 186-202.
- Rahman, B. H., & Eijaz A. (2014). Pakistani Media as an Agent of Conflict or ConflictResolution: A Case of Lal Masjid in Urdu and English Dailies. Pakistan Vision 15(2), 238-64.
- Rehmat, A. (2018, July 11). How pressuring the Media is Risking the Quality of our Democracy. DAWN.
- Rexha, G. (2014). The role of media in political communication: the case of Kosovo. 2014 UBT International Conference, 53-57. https://doi.org/10.33107/ubt-ic.2014.30
- Safdar, G., Shabir, G., Imran, M., & Ghaznavi, Q.- u.-D. Z. (2015). The Role of Media in Increasing Turn out in Election 2013: A Survey Study of Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 35(1), 411-424
- Schudson, M. (2001). The objectivity norm in American journalism*. Journalism, 2(2), 149-170. https://doi.org/10.1177/14648849010020 0201.
- Seaman, J. (2012). The Role of Media in Pakistan. Journal of South Asian and MiddleEastern Studies, 35(4)
- Shah, H. (2010). The Tongue-Tied Press of Pakistan: Comparing English and Urdu Newspapers. South Asia Monitor (148)
- Singelton, R., & Straits, B.C. (2010). Approaches to Social research. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Siraj, S. A. (2009). Critical Analysis of Press Freedom in Pakistan. Journal Media and Communication Studies 1(3), 43-47.
- Smidt, C. D. (2007). The Spinning Message: Agenda Dynamics in the 2000 Presidential Campaign. Midwestern Political Science Association, 1-41.
- Strömberg, D. (2015). Media and Politics. Annual Review of Economics, 173-205.
- Su, Y., & Borah, A. (2019). Who Is the Agenda Setter? Examining the Intermedia Agenda- Setting Effect between Twitter and Newspapers. Journal ofInformation Technology and Politics 16(3), 236-49
- Ullah, S, et al. (2020).
- Yavuz, G. (2012). The Impact of Media Exposure on Vote Choice: The Case of Turkey . American Journal of Political Science, 22.
- Zia, A., & Hajrah S. (2015). Use of Print Media for Conflict Esolution and Peace Building: A Case Study of Kashmir Dispute. NDU Journal, 161-80.
- Ali, A., & Rahman, S. I. (2019). Media Bias Effects on Voters in Pakistan. Global Regional Review 4(4), 557- 67.
- Baum, M. A., & Gussin, P. (2005). Issue Bias: How Issue Coverage and Media Bias Affect. University of California, 42.
- Bernhardt, D., Krasa, S., & Polborn, M. K. (2006). Political Polarization and the Electoral Effects of Media Bias. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.892475.
- Bilal, H. A., Rafaqat, U., Hassan, N., Mansoor, H., & Zahra, Q. (2012). Editorials of Pakistani English Print Media: Application of CDA. International Journal of Linguistics 4(3), 744- 54.
- Brandenburg, H. (2005). Political Bias in the Irish Media: A Quantitative Study of Campaign Coverage during the 2002 General Election. Irish Political Studies, 20(3), 297- 322. https://doi.org/10.1080/07907180500359 350.
- Chandrappa, D. K. (2014). The Influence of the Media in Politics - Campaigns and Elections. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 3(12), 2310-2312.
- Check, J. & Schutt, R. K. (2012). Research Methods in Education. Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
- Chiang, C. F., & Knight, B. (2011). Media Bias and Influence: Evidence from Newspaper Endorsements. The Review of Economic Studies, 78(3), 795-820. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdq037
- Craig, G. (2004). The Media, Politics and Public Life. Crows Nest, N.S.W.: Allen and Unwin.
- D'Alessio, D., & Allen, M. (2000). Media Bias in Presidential Elections: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Communication, 50(4), 133- 156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460- 2466.2000.tb02866.x.
- DellaVigna, S., & Kaplan, E. (2008). The Political Impact of Media Bias. Information and Public Choice, pp. 79-
- Dobrzynska, A. (2003). Do the Media Have a Direct Impact on the Vote? The Case of the 1997 Canadian Election. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 15(1), 27-43. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/15.1.27.
- Druckman, J. N. ( 2005). Media Matter: How Newspapers and Television News Cover Campaigns andInfluence Voters. Political Communication 22(4), 463-81.
- Druckman, J. N., & Parkin, M. (2005). The Impact of Media Bias: How Editorial Slant Affects Voters. The Journal of Politics, 67(4), 1030-1049. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468- 2508.2005.00349.x.
- Gerber, A. S., Karlan, D., & Bergan, D. (2009). Does the Media Matter? A Field Experiment Measuring the Effect of Newspapers on Voting Behavior and Political Opinions. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 1(2), 35-52. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.1.2.350 .
- Gurevitch, M., Coleman, S., & Blumler, J. G. (2009). Political Communication - Old and New Media Relationships. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 625(1), 164-181. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027162093393 45.
- Jan, M., Raza, M. R., Siddiq, M., & Saleem, N. (2013). Print Media on Coverage of Political Parties in Pakistan: Treatment of Opinion Pages of the 'DAWN' AND 'NEWS'. Gomal University Journal of Research,
- Javaid, U., & Elahi, U. (2014). Patterns of Political Perceptions, Attitudes and Voting Behaviour: Influence of Media. South Asian Studies, 29(2), 363-378.
- Kaya, B. & Degirmenci, N. (2019). Politics, Media and Power: Relationships within the Frameworks of Political Memory. Styles of Communication,10(2), 9-27.
- Kuyper, J. A. (2002). Press Bias and Politics: How media frame controversial issues. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
- Lengauer, G., & Johann, D. (2013). Candidate and party bias in the news and its effects on party choice: Evidence from Austria. Studies in Communication Sciences, 13(1), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scoms.2013.04.0 11.
- Maras, S. (2012). Objectivity in Journalism. Polity Press.
- McCombs, M. (2005). A Look at Agenda-setting: past, present and future. Journalism Studies, 6(4), 543-557. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700500250 438.
- Mezzera, M., & Sial, S. (2010). Media and Governance in Pakistan: A Controversial Yet Essential Relationship.
- Qadeer, A., Shehzad, W., Chishti, M. I. (2017). Print Media Practices in the Representation of Political Discourse in Pakistan. Journal of Critical Inquiry. 15(II), 186-202.
- Rahman, B. H., & Eijaz A. (2014). Pakistani Media as an Agent of Conflict or ConflictResolution: A Case of Lal Masjid in Urdu and English Dailies. Pakistan Vision 15(2), 238-64.
- Rehmat, A. (2018, July 11). How pressuring the Media is Risking the Quality of our Democracy. DAWN.
- Rexha, G. (2014). The role of media in political communication: the case of Kosovo. 2014 UBT International Conference, 53-57. https://doi.org/10.33107/ubt-ic.2014.30
- Safdar, G., Shabir, G., Imran, M., & Ghaznavi, Q.- u.-D. Z. (2015). The Role of Media in Increasing Turn out in Election 2013: A Survey Study of Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 35(1), 411-424
- Schudson, M. (2001). The objectivity norm in American journalism*. Journalism, 2(2), 149-170. https://doi.org/10.1177/14648849010020 0201.
- Seaman, J. (2012). The Role of Media in Pakistan. Journal of South Asian and MiddleEastern Studies, 35(4)
- Shah, H. (2010). The Tongue-Tied Press of Pakistan: Comparing English and Urdu Newspapers. South Asia Monitor (148)
- Singelton, R., & Straits, B.C. (2010). Approaches to Social research. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Siraj, S. A. (2009). Critical Analysis of Press Freedom in Pakistan. Journal Media and Communication Studies 1(3), 43-47.
- Smidt, C. D. (2007). The Spinning Message: Agenda Dynamics in the 2000 Presidential Campaign. Midwestern Political Science Association, 1-41.
- Strömberg, D. (2015). Media and Politics. Annual Review of Economics, 173-205.
- Su, Y., & Borah, A. (2019). Who Is the Agenda Setter? Examining the Intermedia Agenda- Setting Effect between Twitter and Newspapers. Journal ofInformation Technology and Politics 16(3), 236-49
- Ullah, S, et al. (2020).
- Yavuz, G. (2012). The Impact of Media Exposure on Vote Choice: The Case of Turkey . American Journal of Political Science, 22.
- Zia, A., & Hajrah S. (2015). Use of Print Media for Conflict Esolution and Peace Building: A Case Study of Kashmir Dispute. NDU Journal, 161-80.
Cite this article
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APA : Shah, A. A. (2021). Media Biasedness towards Political Parties in Pakistan. Global Multimedia Review, IV(I), 8-19. https://doi.org/10.31703/gmmr.2021(IV-I).02
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CHICAGO : Shah, Aizaz Ali. 2021. "Media Biasedness towards Political Parties in Pakistan." Global Multimedia Review, IV (I): 8-19 doi: 10.31703/gmmr.2021(IV-I).02
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HARVARD : SHAH, A. A. 2021. Media Biasedness towards Political Parties in Pakistan. Global Multimedia Review, IV, 8-19.
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MHRA : Shah, Aizaz Ali. 2021. "Media Biasedness towards Political Parties in Pakistan." Global Multimedia Review, IV: 8-19
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MLA : Shah, Aizaz Ali. "Media Biasedness towards Political Parties in Pakistan." Global Multimedia Review, IV.I (2021): 8-19 Print.
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OXFORD : Shah, Aizaz Ali (2021), "Media Biasedness towards Political Parties in Pakistan", Global Multimedia Review, IV (I), 8-19
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TURABIAN : Shah, Aizaz Ali. "Media Biasedness towards Political Parties in Pakistan." Global Multimedia Review IV, no. I (2021): 8-19. https://doi.org/10.31703/gmmr.2021(IV-I).02